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AI Tools and Assignment Ethics: Using ChatGPT Responsibly

11 min read

The AI Revolution in Education

AI tools like ChatGPT, Bard, and Claude can write essays, solve problems, generate code, and summarize texts in seconds.

For students: Tempting shortcut.

For educators: New challenge.

In Kenya: Universities are rapidly developing policies, but many students are confused about what’s allowed.

This guide: Clarifies ethical use of AI in assignments.

What Are AI Writing Tools?

AI writing assistants use machine learning to generate human-like text.

Popular tools:

  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)—most widely used
  • Google Bard (Google)
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • Microsoft Copilot (integrated into Bing, Office)
  • Specialized: Grammarly (grammar/style), QuillBot (paraphrasing)

What they can do:

  • Write essays, reports, emails
  • Answer questions
  • Summarize articles
  • Generate ideas
  • Translate languages
  • Write code
  • Solve math problems

Impressive, but raises serious ethical questions.

University Policies in Kenya

Kenyan universities are developing AI policies—but approaches vary.

Common Policy Categories

1. Complete Ban:

  • Some universities prohibit all AI use in assignments
  • Using AI = cheating = plagiarism consequences

2. Restricted Use:

  • AI allowed for specific purposes (brainstorming, outlining) but not writing final text
  • Must disclose AI use

3. Conditional Permission:

  • AI allowed if properly cited/acknowledged
  • Final work must be substantially your own

4. No Clear Policy Yet:

  • Some institutions haven’t issued guidance
  • Creates confusion for students

YOUR RESPONSIBILITY: Check your specific university’s policy.

Where to find it:

  • University website (academic regulations)
  • Student handbook
  • Course syllabus (lecturer may specify)
  • Ask your lecturer directly

Don’t assume—policies differ by:

  • University
  • Department
  • Course
  • Assignment type

If unclear, ASK before using AI.

Why AI Use is Problematic

1. Defeats Purpose of Education

Assignments exist to help you:

  • Learn material
  • Develop critical thinking
  • Practice writing
  • Demonstrate understanding

If AI does the work: You learn nothing.

Analogy: Hiring someone to go to the gym for you—they get fit, you don’t.

2. Academic Dishonesty

If you submit AI-generated text as your own work: That’s plagiarism.

No different from copying a classmate’s essay or buying one online.

The work isn’t yours—you didn’t create it.

3. Lack of Original Thought

AI generates generic responses based on patterns in training data.

Your assignment should:

  • Reflect YOUR understanding
  • Include YOUR analysis
  • Show YOUR engagement with course material

AI can’t:

  • Reference your specific course readings
  • Apply concepts from your lectures
  • Show depth of thought examiners expect

4. Factual Errors

AI often “hallucinates”—makes up information.

Examples:

  • Fake citations (books/articles that don’t exist)
  • Incorrect statistics
  • Wrong historical facts
  • Misattributed quotes

If you submit AI content without verification: You’re responsible for errors, which hurt your grade.

5. Detectable

Lecturers can often tell AI-generated work:

  • Generic language
  • Lack of specificity (no course-specific references)
  • Unusual phrasing
  • Too perfect/formulaic structure

AI detection tools (Turnitin, GPTZero, Originality.AI) are increasingly used.

Risk: Getting caught outweighs convenience.

Ethical vs. Unethical AI Use

Not all AI use is cheating—context matters.

UNETHICAL (Don’t Do This)

1. Submitting AI-generated text as your own:

  • Ask ChatGPT to write your essay, submit with minimal edits
  • Why wrong: It’s plagiarism

2. Using AI to answer exam questions:

  • Why wrong: Cheating

3. Using AI without disclosure (when policy requires it):

  • Why wrong: Violates academic integrity

4. Over-reliance on AI (even if allowed):

  • AI writes entire assignment, you just tweak it
  • Why wrong: You’re not learning, not meeting assignment goals

5. Fabricating sources from AI:

  • AI suggests fake references, you include them
  • Why wrong: Academic fraud

ETHICAL (Generally Acceptable, but Verify with Policy)

1. Brainstorming ideas:

  • Ask AI for topic suggestions, then develop your own
  • Example: “Give me 10 potential research topics on education in Kenya”
  • Key: Ideas from AI, but YOU research, think, write

2. Understanding concepts:

  • Ask AI to explain difficult topics
  • Example: “Explain quantum mechanics in simple terms”
  • Similar to: Asking a friend or watching YouTube tutorial
  • Key: Use AI to learn, then demonstrate understanding in YOUR words

3. Outlining structure:

  • Ask AI for essay structure suggestions
  • Example: “What’s a good structure for argumentative essay?”
  • Key: Structure is generic knowledge, YOUR content/analysis is original

4. Grammar and style checking:

  • Use Grammarly, check your writing for errors
  • Key: YOU wrote it, AI just polishes

5. Translation assistance:

  • Translate sources from Swahili/other languages for research
  • Key: Cite original source, note translation used

6. Coding help (if allowed):

  • Ask AI to explain code errors, suggest solutions
  • Key: You understand and modify code, not just copy-paste

7. Generating practice questions:

  • “Create 10 quiz questions on Kenyan history for study”
  • Key: For personal study, not submitted work

GOLDEN RULE: If AI helps you LEARN and YOU do the actual work, it’s likely okay. If AI does the work FOR you, it’s cheating.

How Lecturers Detect AI Use

Don’t assume you can sneak AI past lecturers.

Detection methods:

1. AI Detection Software

Tools:

  • Turnitin: Added AI detection (flags AI-generated content)
  • GPTZero: Specifically detects ChatGPT
  • Originality.AI: Checks for AI content
  • Copyleaks: AI detection

Accuracy: Not perfect, but improving rapidly (70-90% detection rates).

2. Writing Style Analysis

Lecturers notice:

  • Sudden improvement (student usually struggles, submits perfect essay)
  • Different style from previous work (vocabulary, tone, structure)
  • Generic content (no specific references to course material)
  • Overly formal/stiff language (AI often sounds robotic)

Your previous assignments establish baseline—drastic change raises red flags.

3. Lack of Depth

AI responses are surface-level:

  • No nuanced understanding
  • Doesn’t engage with specific course readings
  • Generic examples (not Kenya-specific when requested)
  • No original analysis

Experienced lecturers spot this immediately.

4. Factual Errors

AI makes mistakes:

  • Fake citations
  • Incorrect data
  • Logical inconsistencies

Lecturer checks citations: If sources don’t exist, clear evidence of AI use.

5. Interview/Viva

If suspicious, lecturer may:

  • Ask you to explain your essay in person
  • Ask specific questions about your research process
  • Request you write additional content on the spot

If you can’t explain or defend your work: Strong evidence you didn’t write it.

6. Comparison to Peers

Multiple students using AI produce similar essays (AI generates similar responses to same prompts).

Lecturer notices patterns: “Why do 10 essays have nearly identical structure and arguments?”

What Happens If Caught?

Consequences similar to plagiarism:

First offense (depending on university):

  • Zero on assignment
  • Fail the course
  • Academic integrity violation on record
  • Required workshop on academic integrity

Repeat offense:

  • Suspension (1-2 semesters)
  • Expulsion (permanent removal)

Severe cases (e.g., using AI for thesis/dissertation):

  • Degree withheld
  • Degree revoked (even if already awarded)

Professional impact:

  • Tarnished academic record
  • Affects graduate school applications, job prospects

Not worth the risk.

How to Use AI Responsibly (If Allowed)

If your university permits AI use with disclosure:

1. Use as Learning Tool, Not Replacement

Good:

  • “Explain the concept of devolution in Kenya”
  • Learn from AI’s explanation
  • Read actual sources (Constitution, research papers)
  • Write essay in YOUR words, citing proper sources (not AI)

Bad:

  • “Write 1500-word essay on devolution in Kenya”
  • Submit AI output

2. Always Disclose

If policy requires disclosure:

In assignment, include note:

“I used ChatGPT to brainstorm initial ideas for this essay and to check grammar. All content and analysis are my own.”

Or in appendix/footnote:

“AI tools (ChatGPT, Grammarly) were used for [specific purpose]. Final work is original.”

Check: How your university requires disclosure (format may be specified).

3. Verify Everything

Never trust AI blindly:

  • Check facts against reliable sources
  • Verify citations (do books/articles exist?)
  • Cross-reference data

YOU are responsible for accuracy.

4. Cite AI if Quoting

If you quote AI directly (rare, but if relevant):

APA 7th format:

OpenAI. (2024). ChatGPT (Version 4) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com

In-text:

According to ChatGPT, ”…” (OpenAI, 2024).

Better: Paraphrase and find actual source to cite.

5. Maintain Your Voice

Essay should sound like YOU:

  • Your vocabulary
  • Your style
  • Your examples (especially Kenya-specific)
  • Your analysis

AI text is generic—make it personal, specific, course-relevant.

6. Use for Process, Not Product

AI helps with:

  • Brainstorming (generating ideas)
  • Outlining (organizing thoughts)
  • Understanding (clarifying concepts)
  • Editing (checking grammar, clarity)

YOU create:

  • Research (finding and reading sources)
  • Analysis (critical thinking, argumentation)
  • Writing (putting ideas into words)
  • Synthesis (connecting concepts)

Alternatives to AI (Legitimate Study Aids)

Instead of AI, use:

1. Textbooks and Lecture Notes

Most assignments: Designed to be answered using course materials.

Read thoroughly: Your best resource.

2. Library Resources

Books, journals, databases:

  • Credible, peer-reviewed
  • Properly citable
  • Deep, nuanced information (unlike AI’s surface knowledge)

3. Study Groups

Discuss with classmates:

  • Clarify concepts
  • Share perspectives
  • Debate ideas

Then: Write individually (no copying).

4. Lecturers’ Office Hours

Ask questions directly:

  • Clarify assignment requirements
  • Discuss concepts you don’t understand
  • Get feedback on drafts (if allowed)

Free, expert help—use it!

5. University Writing Centers

Many Kenyan universities have writing centers:

  • Help with structure, argumentation, grammar
  • Real humans, personalized feedback

6. Online Educational Resources

Legitimate learning tools:

  • Khan Academy: Math, science concepts
  • Coursera/edX: Courses from universities
  • YouTube: Educational channels (CrashCourse, TED-Ed)
  • Purdue OWL: Writing and citation guides

Different from AI: You still learn and write yourself.

7. Writing Handbooks

Books on academic writing:

  • They Say, I Say by Graff & Birkenstein
  • The Elements of Style by Strunk & White

Libraries have these—borrow for free.

Developing Real Skills (Beyond AI)

Relying on AI prevents development of:

1. Critical Thinking

Analyzing arguments, evaluating evidence, forming judgments—core university skills.

AI can’t think critically for you—it generates text based on patterns, not reasoning.

2. Research Skills

Finding credible sources, evaluating quality, synthesizing information—essential for career.

If AI does it: You don’t learn.

3. Writing Skills

Clear communication, persuasive argumentation, coherent structure—needed in every profession.

Practice writing = improvement. AI = no practice = no improvement.

4. Subject Mastery

Deep understanding of your field—what your degree represents.

Surface knowledge from AI isn’t mastery.

5. Problem-Solving

Working through difficult concepts, overcoming challenges—builds resilience.

Taking shortcuts weakens you.

Future employers: Want critical thinkers, problem-solvers, strong writers—not people who relied on AI.

Kenyan Context Considerations

1. Limited AI Mentions in Local Sources

AI is trained mainly on Western content—limited Kenya-specific information.

If assignment requires Kenya examples: AI will provide generic or incorrect info.

Example:

  • Ask AI about “Kenyan education system”
  • May confuse 8-4-4 and CBC timelines
  • Miss county-specific nuances
  • Use outdated data

Local research, government reports, Kenyan scholars = better sources.

2. Language Nuances

AI may miss Kenyan English nuances, local terminology, cultural context.

Your writing should reflect local understanding—AI can’t provide that.

3. Original Contributions to Kenyan Scholarship

Kenyan universities contribute to local and African scholarship.

Using AI: Perpetuates Western-centric knowledge, doesn’t add Kenyan perspectives.

Your original work: Adds to Kenya’s knowledge base.

Special Cases

1. Group Assignments

If assignment is group work: Same rules apply.

Using AI to write group report: Still academic misconduct (unless allowed and disclosed).

Group’s responsibility: Ensure all work is original and properly cited.

2. Creative Writing Assignments

AI for creative writing (stories, poems):

  • Some argue it’s tool like spell-checker
  • Others say creativity must be human

Check policy: Likely stricter for creative assignments (testing YOUR creativity).

3. Programming Assignments

AI coding tools (GitHub Copilot, ChatGPT for code):

  • Common in industry
  • But in university, assignments test YOUR coding ability

Policy varies:

  • Some courses allow with disclosure
  • Others ban completely

Ask your lecturer.

4. Language Learning

Using AI to translate for language courses:

  • Defeats purpose (you’re supposed to learn the language)
  • Likely prohibited

5. Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Extremely serious:

  • Original research is core requirement
  • AI use (beyond grammar checking) likely prohibited
  • Using AI for thesis = grounds for degree revocation

Consult supervisor before any AI use.

Building Integrity in the AI Age

AI is here to stay—but so is need for human thinking.

Your integrity matters:

1. Choose Learning Over Convenience

Short-term: AI saves time.

Long-term: You graduate ignorant, unprepared for career.

Choose: Struggle, learn, grow.

2. Be Honest

If you used AI inappropriately: Own up, accept consequences, learn.

Dishonesty compounds—harder to come clean later.

3. Set Personal Standards

Even if you could get away with AI use: Ask yourself, “Am I learning? Am I being honest? Will this help me in life?”

Integrity is internal, not just about getting caught.

4. Think Long-Term

Your degree is foundation for career.

Built on AI shortcuts: Shaky foundation.

Built on real learning: Strong foundation.

Invest in yourself.

Checklist: Ethical AI Use

Before using AI for assignment:

✅ I’ve checked my university’s AI policy ✅ I’ve checked my course syllabus for specific rules ✅ If unclear, I’ve asked my lecturer ✅ I’m using AI to HELP me learn, not replace my thinking ✅ I will write the assignment myself ✅ I will verify any AI-generated information ✅ I will disclose AI use if required ✅ I will not submit AI text as my own ✅ I understand the consequences of misuse ✅ I’m committed to learning, not just grades

If all checked: You’re on the right path.

Final Thoughts

AI tools are powerful—and will shape your career.

But in university: Focus is learning, not just producing output.

Using AI to cheat:

  • Robs you of education
  • Risks serious consequences
  • Develops dishonest habits

Using AI ethically:

  • Enhances learning (when allowed)
  • Develops critical evaluation skills
  • Prepares you for AI-integrated future

The choice is yours: Shortcut now and struggle later, or work hard now and thrive later.

Kenyan universities are watching this space closely—policies will tighten as AI becomes more sophisticated.

Stay ahead by staying honest. Develop real skills, think critically, write originally, and use AI (if at all) as a learning aid, not a crutch.

Your degree should represent YOUR knowledge and effort—not an AI’s output. Make it count. Good luck!